電(dian)(dian)線(xian)(xian)電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)的(de)檢測(ce)一向是(shi)國標電(dian)(dian)線(xian)(xian)電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)里面重要的(de)一個(ge)環(huan)節，一個(ge)電(dian)(dian)線(xian)(xian)電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)企業(ye)內部的(de)質檢部門越(yue)高級，那么(me)，這個(ge)企業(ye)出產的(de)電(dian)(dian)線(xian)(xian)電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)質量(liang)就越(yue)好，越(yue)值得信賴。那么(me)什(shen)么(me)樣的(de)電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)是(shi)質量(liang)好的(de)呢(ni)(ni)？有哪些質量(liang)檢測(ce)指標呢(ni)(ni)？下面小編將為大家具體介紹。

以(yi)下是幾個電(dian)線電(dian)纜(lan)的重要指(zhi)標，這都是衡量電(dian)線電(dian)纜(lan)最關(guan)鍵的指(zhi)標點。

1、導線直流電阻的測量：

電(dian)線(xian)(xian)電(dian)纜的(de)導電(dian)線(xian)(xian)芯主(zhu)要傳輸電(dian)能(neng)或電(dian)信號。導線(xian)(xian)的(de)電(dian)阻(zu)是其電(dian)氣性能(neng)的(de)主(zhu)要指標(biao)，在(zai)交流(liu)電(dian)壓作用時線(xian)(xian)芯電(dian)阻(zu)由于集膚(fu)效應(ying)、鄰近效應(ying)面比直(zhi)(zhi)流(liu)電(dian)壓作用時大，但在(zai)電(dian)頻率為50Hz時兩者相差很小，現在(zai)標(biao)準規(gui)(gui)定只能(neng)要求檢測線(xian)(xian)芯的(de)直(zhi)(zhi)流(liu)電(dian)阻(zu)或電(dian)阻(zu)率是否超過標(biao)準中的(de)規(gui)(gui)定的(de)值，通過此項的(de)檢查可以發現生(sheng)產工藝(yi)中的(de)某些缺陷(xian)，如導線(xian)(xian)斷裂或其中部分單(dan)線(xian)(xian)斷裂、導線(xian)(xian)截面不(bu)符合標(biao)準、產品(pin)的(de)長度(du)不(bu)正確(que)等(deng)。

2、絕緣(yuan)電(dian)阻的(de)測試：

絕(jue)緣(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)式反(fan)映電(dian)(dian)(dian)線電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜產品(pin)絕(jue)緣(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)特性的重要(yao)(yao)指標，與該產品(pin)的耐電(dian)(dian)(dian)強度，介質損(sun)耗，以及絕(jue)緣(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)材料在(zai)工作狀態下的逐漸劣化等均有密切的關系(xi)。對于(yu)通信電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜，線間(jian)絕(jue)緣(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)過低還會增大回(hui)路衰減、回(hui)路間(jian)的串音及在(zai)導(dao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)線芯上進行遠距離(li)供電(dian)(dian)(dian)泄露等，因此都(dou)要(yao)(yao)求絕(jue)緣(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)應高(gao)于(yu)規定值。

3、電容及損耗因數的測(ce)量：

電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)加上(shang)交流(liu)(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)，就有(you)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)流(liu)(liu)(liu)過，當電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)的(de)(de)(de)幅值和(he)(he)(he)頻率(lv)一(yi)定時，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)的(de)(de)(de)大小是正比于電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)(Cx)。對于超(chao)高壓(ya)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)，這(zhe)種電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)可(ke)能達到(dao)與額定電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)可(ke)以相比的(de)(de)(de)數值，成(cheng)為限制(zhi)(zhi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)容(rong)(rong)量和(he)(he)(he)傳輸距(ju)離的(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)要因素(su)。因此(ci)(ci)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)也是電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)的(de)(de)(de)主(zhu)要的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)性能參數之一(yi)。 通過電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)和(he)(he)(he)損(sun)耗因數的(de)(de)(de)測(ce)量可(ke)以發(fa)現(xian)絕緣(yuan)受潮，絕緣(yuan)層和(he)(he)(he)屏蔽層脫落等(deng)各種絕緣(yuan)劣(lie)化現(xian)象，因此(ci)(ci)無論在電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)制(zhi)(zhi)造或電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)運行中都(dou)有(you)進(jin)行電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)和(he)(he)(he)TANδ的(de)(de)(de)測(ce)量。

4、絕緣強度試驗：

電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線(xian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜的(de)(de)(de)絕(jue)緣(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)強度(du)是指絕(jue)緣(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)結構和(he)(he)絕(jue)緣(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)材料(liao)承受電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場作(zuo)(zuo)用而不發生擊穿(chuan)(chuan)破壞的(de)(de)(de)能力，為了檢(jian)查電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線(xian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜產品(pin)質量，保(bao)證(zheng)產品(pin)能安(an)全運(yun)行(xing)，所有(you)絕(jue)緣(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)類型的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線(xian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜一般都(dou)要(yao)進行(xing)絕(jue)緣(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)強度(du)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)。絕(jue)緣(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)強度(du)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)可分為耐壓(ya)(ya)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)和(he)(he)擊穿(chuan)(chuan)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)。 時(shi)間的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)一般高于該試(shi)(shi)(shi)品(pin)的(de)(de)(de)額(e)定(ding)工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)，具體電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)值(zhi)和(he)(he)耐壓(ya)(ya)時(shi)間，產品(pin)標準中均有(you)規定(ding)，通(tong)過耐壓(ya)(ya)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)可以考驗(yan)產品(pin)在工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)下運(yun)行(xing)的(de)(de)(de)可靠性和(he)(he)發現(xian)絕(jue)緣(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)中的(de)(de)(de)嚴重缺陷，也(ye)可發現(xian)生產工(gong)藝的(de)(de)(de)一些(xie)缺點。

5、老化及穩定(ding)性試驗：

老(lao)化試(shi)驗(yan)即是在(zai)(zai)(zai)應力(li)(機械(xie)、電、熱(re)(re))作用(yong)下(xia)，能(neng)否保持性能(neng)穩(wen)定的(de)(de)穩(wen)定性試(shi)驗(yan)。熱(re)(re)老(lao)化試(shi)驗(yan)：簡單的(de)(de)熱(re)(re)老(lao)化試(shi)驗(yan)是考(kao)驗(yan)試(shi)品在(zai)(zai)(zai)熱(re)(re)的(de)(de)作用(yong)下(xia)發生老(lao)化的(de)(de)特性，把試(shi)品放在(zai)(zai)(zai)高(gao)于(yu)額定工作溫度(du)溫度(du)一定值的(de)(de)環境中，這樣在(zai)(zai)(zai)較高(gao)的(de)(de)溫度(du)T下(xia)，得(de)到較短(duan)的(de)(de)壽命(ming)。

6、熱穩定試驗：

熱穩(wen)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)性(xing)(xing)(xing)試(shi)驗是(shi)電(dian)(dian)纜通過電(dian)(dian)流(liu)加熱的(de)(de)同時還承(cheng)受一定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)壓，在經歷(li)一定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)周期加熱之(zhi)后，測定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)某(mou)些(xie)敏感的(de)(de)性(xing)(xing)(xing)能參(can)數來(lai)評定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)絕緣的(de)(de)穩(wen)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)性(xing)(xing)(xing)。 絕緣穩(wen)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)性(xing)(xing)(xing)試(shi)驗分為長期的(de)(de)穩(wen)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)性(xing)(xing)(xing)試(shi)驗或(huo)短期的(de)(de)加速老化(hua)試(shi)驗兩種。

以上(shang)就(jiu)是小編為大家介紹的關于(yu)電線(xian)電纜質量(liang)檢測(ce)指標(biao)的內容(rong)，幫(bang)助您(nin)了解電線(xian)電纜的各項質量(liang)指標(biao)，從(cong)而在采購(gou)時，能有所依據(ju)。